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Created on 09.16
Hard Rock Pipe Jacking Machine Cutter
Hard Rock Pipe Jacking Machine Cutters
Cutter TypesAccording to their rock-breaking mechanism, cutters are classified into two main categories:
One category is cutting-type cutters, which only rotate along with the cutterhead during excavation to cut and excavate the tunnel face, such as drag bits, gauge scrapers, and shell cutters.
- Scraper (Scraping Cutter): Primarily used for scraping and clearing rock formations. Working under the thrust of the cutterhead, the scraper embeds into the muck or rock layer and scrapes the rock formation as the cutterhead drives the tools to rotate.
- Pre-cutter (Leading Cutter): A type of cutter used in pipe jacking construction to fracture and divide the rock mass. It is typically installed at the front end of the cutterhead to perform advance cutting of the rock, creating favorable conditions for subsequent excavation.
- Shell Cutter (Bucket-shape Cutter) for Hard Rock Pipe Jacking: Primarily used to mitigate cutterhead wear caused by impacts, while simultaneously clearing accumulated soil and muck from the bottom of the cutterhead to improve excavation efficiency.
The other category is rolling-type cutters (disc cutters), which revolve along with the cutterhead during excavation while simultaneously rotating around their own cutter shafts, such as button disc cutters, spherical button cutters, standard disc cutters, and conical cutters.
- Button Disc Cutter: Tungsten carbide button teeth are embedded into the surface of the cutter ring to break rock through a combined "chiseling + shearing" action.
- Wedge-shaped Alloy Teeth: Feature sharp, wedge-arranged tooth profiles that break rock primarily through a "splitting" action.
- Spherical Alloy Teeth: Possess high impact resistance and are designed for extremely hard and highly abrasive rock formations (such as limestone with chert bands).
Hard rock pipe jacking machines are typically equipped with a cutting cutterhead and a crushing device. The cutters on the cutterhead shear and fracture the rock mass. The fragmented rock then enters the shearing and crushing device located behind the cutterhead for secondary crushing, and is ultimately transported to the surface via the slurry system. Throughout this entire process, the pipe jacking machine is pushed forward by the main jacking cylinders, while the hydraulic motors drive the cutterhead to rotate and cut.
Care Instructions
- Real-time Monitoring: Install cutter wear sensors to prevent excessive tool degradation.
- Lubrication & Cooling: Maintain an unobstructed grouting system to reduce cutting temperatures.
- Regular Rotation: Periodically rotate the positions of multi-edged cutters to ensure even wear.
- Inspection Downtime: Perform spot checks on cutter conditions every 50 to 100 meters of advancement.
- Ground Pre-treatment: For hard rock formations, pre-grouting can be applied to soften the strata.
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